The bomb went off at a police checkpoint near Derbent in the southern Russian Republic of Dagestan.
ISIS said a suicide bomber blew up the car in the deadliest attack in the southern republic since 2013.
Taking to Twitter to claim responsibility on a number of accounts associated with Daesh, the statement said: "One of the Caliphate's soldiers advanced with a car bomb towards a barrier set up by the apostate Dagestani police and blew it up in the midst of their gathering leading to the death or injury of all the elements stationed at the barrier thanks be to God."